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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027199
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Epitheliotrophe Kapazität von Serum-Augentropfen gesunder versus immunsupprimierter Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis
Epitheliotrophic Capacity of Serum Eye Drops from Healthy Donors versus Serum from Immunosuppressed Patients with Rheumatoid ArthritisPublikationsverlauf
Eingegangen: 21.12.2007
Angenommen: 13.1.2008
Publikationsdatum:
20. März 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Autologes Serum wird zur Behandlung von persistierenden Hornhautepitheldefekten und anderen Augenoberflächenerkrankungen verwendet, die häufig Folge einer systemischen Autoimmunerkrankung wie z. B. der rheumatoiden Arthritis sein können. Diese Patienten benötigen in der Regel eine immunsuppressive Therapie, die möglicherweise einen Einfluss auf die epitheliotrophe Kapazität von autologen Serum-Augentropfen hat. Wir verglichen die wachstumsunterstützenden Effekte von Serum gesunder und immunsupprimierter Spender in einem humanen Hornhautepithel-Zellkulturmodell. Material und Methoden: Aus Vollblutproben von 10 gesunden Individuen und 10 Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis unter Therapie mit Prednisolon und Methotrexat (MTX) wurde unter standardisierten Gerinnungs- und Zentrifugationsbedingungen Serum gewonnen. In diesen Präparaten wurde der Gehalt der Wachstumsfaktoren EGF, FGF, HGF, PDGF-AB, TGF-β1, Fibronektin, Vitamin A und E und IL-6 mittels üblicher ELISA- oder HPLC-Technik gemessen. SV-40-immortalisierte humane Hornhautepithelzellen dienten als Zellkulturmodell zur Messung des Effekts von Serum von Patienten unter immunsuppressiver Therapie einerseits und gesunden Kontrollpersonen andererseits auf Proliferation, Migration und Differenzierung der Epithelzellen. Die Proliferation der Zellkulturen wurde mithilfe eines lumineszenzbasierten ATP-Assays in Dosis-Wirkungsexperimenten quantifiziert. Mittels eines Kolonie-Dispersions-Assays wurde der Einfluss auf die Migration und mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie die Oberflächendifferenzierung der Zellen untersucht. Ergebnisse: Serum von gesunden Spendern enthielt signifikant höhere Mengen an TGF-β1 und Fibronektin als das Serum immunsupprimierter Individuen, die an rheumatoider Arthritis erkrankt waren. Der unterstützende Effekt auf die Proliferation, Differenzierung und Migration von Hornhautepithelzellen war dosisabhängig, ohne dass sich ein signifikanter Unterschied hinsichtlich Proliferation und Differenzierung zwischen den beiden Gruppen fand. Bei einer 25 %igen Verdünnung wirkte das Serum gesunder Spender signifikant migrationsstimulierender als Patientenserum. Schlussfolgerung: Die migrations-, jedoch nicht proliferationsfördernde Wirkung von Augentropfen aus Eigenserum wird durch systemische Erkrankungen und eine immunsuppressive Therapie vermindert. Wenn der Epitheldefekt eines Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis bei Verwendung niedrig konzentrierter Eigenserum-Tropfen keine Heilungstendenz zeigt, sollte aufgrund der positiven Korrelation auf die Zellwanderung unverdünntes Serum verwendet werden.
Abstract
Background: Autologous serum has been advocated for the treatment of persistent corneal epithelial defects and other ocular surface disorders which may be a local manifestation of a systemic disease. Many of these underlying disorders are cytokine-mediated and require immunosuppressive therapy. The systemic disease and medication could potentially influence the epitheliotrophic capacity of serum eye drops. We compared the effect of serum from healthy and immunosuppressed donors in a human corneal epithelial cell culture model. Methods: Serum was prepared under standardised conditions from full blood samples of 10 healthy donors and 10 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. All patients were treated with prednisolone and methotrexate, one also with azathioprine. In these serum samples EGF, FGF, HGF, PDGF-AB, TGF-β1, fibronectin, vitamin A and E as well as IL-6 were quantified by means of routine ELISA or HPLC technology. SV-40 immortalised human corneal keratinocytes were cultured in 96-well plates at 37 °C, 5 % CO2 with a fully defined culture medium. At 30 % confluency the culture medium was substituted by one of the test preparations. Proliferation of cell cultures was quantified by means of a luminescence-based ATP assay in dose-response experiments. A colony dispersion assay was used to examine the effect on cell migration and differentiation was assessed by means of scanning electron microscopy. Results: Serum from healthy donors differed from serum of immunosuppressed individuals suffering from rheumatoid arthritis only in that it contained significantly higher amounts of fibronectin and TGF-β1. Support of proliferation, migration and differentiation of corneal epithelial cells was dose-dependent, but no significant difference was observed between the serum of the two different groups of donors. At a dilution of 25 % serum of healthy donors showed a significantly higher stimulation of migration than serum of immunosuppressed patients. Conclusion: The effect of serum on migration but not proliferation is affected by systemic diseases requiring immunosuppression. If an epithelial defect of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis does not respond to treatment with diluted autologous serum, undiluted serum should be tried since the positive effect of serum on cell migration is positively correlated with dose.
Schlüsselwörter
Kornea - Epitheldefekt - Serum - Immunsupprimierung - rheumatoide Arthritis
Key words
cornea - epithelial defect - serum - immunosuppression - rheumatoid arthritis
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Prof. Gerd Geerling
Ophthalmology, Universitäts-Augenklinik Würzburg
Josef-Schneider-Str. 11
97080 Würzburg
Telefon: ++ 49/9 31/20 12 06 10
Fax: ++ 49/9 31/20 12 04 90
eMail: g.geerling@augenklinik.uni-wuerzburg.de